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Leland S. Stone
Senior Scientist
Phone: 650-604-3240
E-Mail: Leland Stone
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(2022)  Ames Honor Award, Scientist or Researcher
(2020)  Ames Technology Transfer Award, Patent for Comprehensive Oculomotor Behavioral Response Assessment System (COBRA)
(2020)  Ames Technology Transfer Award, Patent for Oculometric Assessment of Sensorimotor Impairment
(2017)  Ames Technology Award, Patent Award- Comprehensive Oculomotor Behavioral Response Assessment (COBRA)
(2012)  NASA Group Achievement Award, 20G Centrifuge Operation Team
(2012)  Ames Honor Award, Diversity and Opportunity
(2009)  NASA Space Flight Awareness Award, Centrifuge Vibration Team
(2009)  Privately Sponsored, National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI) Award
(2007)  NASA Group Achievement Award, Human Factors Systems Integration Group (SIG)
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PDF download  A. . Valinia, D. . Folta, K. . Hughes, N. . Hatten, A. H. Vera, L. S. Stone, M. E. Parisi, K. R. McTigue, & T. L. Panontin (2023) Risk Trade-space Analysis for Safe Human Expeditions to Mars, Acta Astronautica, 211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actaastro.2023.05.039 Click to read more
PDF download  K. R. Dolick, J. T. Somers, N. J. Newby, T. M. Reiber, B. D. Adelstein, & L. S. Stone (2022) Lunar Transport Vehicle Occupant Protection Requirements, NASA/TM 20220011974 Click to read more
PDF download  T. L. Tyson, N. H. Feick, P. . Cravalho, E. E. Flynn-Evans, & L. S. Stone (2021) Dose‐dependent sensorimotor impairment in human ocular tracking after acute low‐dose alcohol administration, The Journal of Physiology, 599(4), pp.1225-1242 Click to read more
PDF download  L. S. Stone, T. L. Tyson, P. . Cravalho, N. H. Feick, & E. E. Flynn-Evans (2019) Distinct Pattern of Oculomotor Impairment Associated with Acute Sleep Loss and Circadian Misalignment, J. Physiology, 2019; 0:1-18 Click to read more
T. L. Tyson, N. H. Feick, P. . Cravalho, T. . Tran, E. E. Flynn-Evans, & L. S. Stone (2018) Increased dependence on saccades for ocular tracking with low-dose alcohol, In proceedings of Neuroscience 2018 conference, San Diego, November 3-7, 2018. Click to read more
L. . Arsintescu, K. H. Kato, P. . Cravalho, N. H. Feick, L. S. Stone, & E. E. Flynn-Evans (2017) Validation of a touchscreen psychomotor vigilance task. Accident Analysis & Prevention, Accid Anal Prev. 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aap.2017.11.041 Click to read more
A. . Godinez, D. B. Liston, R. . Ayzenberg, W. B. Toscano, P. S. Cowings, & L. S. Stone (2014) G-loading and vibration effects on heart and respiration rates, Aviation Space Environmental Medicine, 85, 1-5 Click to read more
PDF download  D. B. Liston, B. D. Adelstein, & L. S. Stone (2014) Onset of positional vertigo during exposure to combined G-loading and chest-to-spine vibration, Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 85(2):183-186. Click to read more
PDF download  D. B. Liston, A. E. Krukowski, & L. S. Stone (2013) Saccade detection during smooth tracking, Displays 34 (2013) 171-176 Click to read more
PDF download  D. B. Liston, & L. S. Stone (2013) Saccadic brightness decisions do not use a difference model, Journal of Vision (2013) 13(8):1, 1-10 Click to read more
D. J. Kalar, D. B. Liston, B. D. Adelstein, & L. S. Stone (2013) Shared positional noise in manual reaching and saccadic eye movements, Abstracts of the Vision Sciences Society, 13th Annual Meeting, Naples, FL, May 10-15, 56.524 Click to read more
D. B. Liston, B. D. Adelstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2011) New method for quantifying human high-frequency linear and rotational VOR during launch-relevant conditions, Journal Of Vestibular Research, 21(2), 84 (abstract) Click to read more
R. S. McCann, U. . Ravinder, M. . Godfroy, M. . Hayashi, L. S. Stone, & R. . Hersheid (2010) Simulating Variability in Task Completion Times with a Human Performance Model: An Oculomotor Approach, HRP/SHFE report September 30th 2010 Click to read more
PDF download  B. D. Adelstein, B. R. Beutter, M. K. Kaiser, R. S. McCann, L. S. Stone, & M. R. Anderson (2009) Effects of Transverse Seat Vibration on Near-Viewing Readability of Alphanumeric Symbology, NASA Technical Memorandum 2009-215385 Click to read more
PDF download  B. D. Adelstein, B. R. Beutter, M. K. Kaiser, R. S. McCann, L. S. Stone, & M. R. Anderson (2009) Influence of Combined Whole-Body Vibration Plus G-Loading on Visual Performance, NASA/TM 2009-215386 Click to read more
PDF download  L. S. Stone, B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & D. B. Liston (2009) Perception and Eye Movements, In: Squire LR (ed.) Encyclopedia of Neuroscience, volume 7, pp. 503-511. Oxford: Academic Press Click to read more
PDF download  D. B. Liston, & L. S. Stone (2008) Effects of prior information and reward on oculomotor and perceptual choices, The Journal of Neuroscience. 28:13866-13875 Click to read more
U. . Ravinder, R. S. McCann, B. R. Beutter, L. S. Stone, & V. A. Huemer (2007) Development of a Human Performance Modeling tool for User Interface Evaluation in Next Generation Spacecraft: An Empirical Approach, Ravinder, U., McCann, R. S., Beutter, B., Stone, L., & Huemer, V. (2007, October). Development of a Human Performance Modeling tool for User Interface Evaluation in Next Generation Spacecraft: An Empirical Approach. Proceedings of the 2007 IEEE Systems, Man and Cybernetics (IEEE SMC �07), Montreal, Canada. Click to read more
PDF download  L. . Li, B. T. Sweet, & L. S. Stone (2006) Humans can perceive heading without visual, Journal of Vision (2006) 6, 874-881. Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2005) Validating Oculometric Technologies as Human-System Evaluation Tools. Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2004) Classification images reveal that saccades and perception use similar shape information in a visual search task, Journal of Vision, 4(8), 672a Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2004) Saccadic and perceptual classification images have similar receptive field shapes in a contrast-discrimination, visual search task, European Conference on Visual Perception Click to read more
A. E. Krukowski, K. A. Pirog, B. R. Beutter, K. . Brooks, & L. S. Stone (2003) Human discrimination of visual direction of motion with and without smooth pursuit eye movements, Journal of Vision, V3, N11, Pages 831-840 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2003) Oculometric Monitoring of Human Perceptual Performance in Search and Tracking Tasks, Human Performance 2003, Houston, TX Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2003) Saccadic and perceptual performance in visual search tasks, Contrast detection and discrimination, Journal of the Optical Society of America Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2003) Similar Saccadic and Perceptual Accuracies in Visual Search for Oriented Gabors, The International Workshop on Visual Attention, San Miniato, Italy Click to read more
R. . Murray, B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2003) The relationship between saccadic and perceptual performance in visual search tasks, Letter discrimination, Journal of the Optical Society of America Click to read more
A. E. Krukowski, K. A. Pirog, B. R. Beutter, K. . Brooks, & L. S. Stone (2003) Visual direction discrimination with and without smooth pursuit, Annual Conference of the Neural Control of Movement Society Click to read more
PDF download  A. E. Krukowski, D. R. Begault, E. M. Wenzel, & L. S. Stone (2002) Human smooth pursuit eye movement responses to visual, auditory, and imagined target motion, The Society for the Neural Control of Movement Twelfth Annual Meeting, Naples, Florida (poster) 404.15. Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2002) Oculometrics: Validating a new technology for non-intrusive monitoring of human performance, Proceedings of NASAs Space Human Factors conference Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2002) Saccadic and perceptual accuracies in a visual-search detection task are similar over a wide range of external noise levels, Journal of Vision, 2(7), 543a Click to read more
R. . Murray, B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2002) Saccadic targeting during, Optical Society of America 2002 conference Click to read more
R. . Murray, B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2002) Saccadic targetting during visual search for letters, Journal of Vision, 2(10), 21a Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2002) Similar Internal Noise Levels Limit Saccadic and Perceptual Performance in a Visual-Search Task, Program No. 418.13. 2002 Abstract Viewer and Itinerary Planner. Washington, DC: Society for Neuroscience Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2001) Correlated saccadic and perceptual decisions in a visual-search detection task reveal spatial-filter overlap, Journal of Vision, 1(3), 263a Click to read more
A. E. Krukowski, D. R. Begault, E. M. Wenzel, & L. S. Stone (2001) Human oculomotor response to virtual auditory motion, 31st Annual Meeting of the Society for Neuroscience, San Diego, CA, November 10-15, Abstract # 404.15 Click to read more
PDF download  A. E. Krukowski, D. R. Begault, E. M. Wenzel, & L. S. Stone (2001) Human oculomotor responses to virtual auditory motion, Society for Neuroscience 31st Annual Meeting, San Diego, CA Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2001) Quantifying the performance limits of human saccadic targeting during visual search, Perception, 30, 1389-1401 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2000) Accumulation of Information Across Saccades During Visual Search Depends on How Far the First Saccade Lands from the Target, Perception Supplement, V29 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, L. S. Stone, & M. P. Eckstein (2000) Correlated Saccadic and Perceptual Decisions in a Visual-Search Detection Task reveal spatial-filter overlap, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V26 Click to read more
PDF download  D. R. Begault, E. M. Wenzel, L. S. Stone, & M. R. Anderson (2000) Direct comparison of the impact of head tracking, reverberation, and individualized head-related transfer functions on the spatial perception of a virtual speech source, Proceedings of the 108th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society, Paris, Feb. 2000, New York: Audio Engineering Society, Preprint 5134 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2000) Motion Coherence Affects Human Pursuit and Perception Similarly, Visual Neuroscience, V17, p. 139-153 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, M. P. Eckstein, & L. S. Stone (2000) Parallel Differences in Contrast-Discrimination and Detection Performance for Saccades and Perception in Visual Search, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V40, p. S424 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, L. S. Stone, & M. P. Eckstein (2000) Saccadic and Perceptual Decisions in Visual Search: Parallel Differences in Contrast-discrimination and Detection Tasks, Eye Movements and Vision in the Natural World Symposium, p. 27 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (2000) Task Information Increases from the First to the Second Saccade in Visual Search of a Target among Distractors, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V40, p. S759 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, J. . Lorenceau, & B. R. Beutter (2000) Visual Motion Integration for Pursuit and Perception, Perception, 29, p. 771-787 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, J. L. Bartroff, & L. S. Stone (1999) Guided Search vs. Signal Detection Theory in Target Localization Tasks, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V40, p. S346 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1999) Human Saccades in Search: Second Chances Are Worth a Second Peek, Perception Supplement, V28 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, L. S. Stone, & M. P. Eckstein (1999) Human Saccadic Accuracy in a Visual Contrast-Discrimination Search Task, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V25, p. 656 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, B. R. Beutter, & M. P. Eckstein (1999) Salience Effects on Perceptual and Saccadic Target Localization during Search, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V25, p. 548 Click to read more
J. A. Perrone, & L. S. Stone (1998) Emulating the Visual Receptive-Field Properties of MST Neurons with a Template Model of Heading Estimation, The Journal of Neuroscience, 18(5), p.5958-5975 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1998) Human Motion Perception and Smooth Eye Movements Show Similar Directional Biases for Elongated Apertures, V38, N9, p. 11273-1286 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & B. R. Beutter (1998) Motion Segmentation from Speed Cues in Transparent and Corrugated Displays, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V24, p. 1743 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1998) Oculometric Analysis of Pursuit Eye Movements Can Measure Motion Coherence, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V24, p. 1410 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1998) The Effect of Set Size on the Relationship between, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V39, p. S225 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1998) The effect of set size on the relationship between saccadic and perceptual decisions during search, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 39: S225 Click to read more
P. . Thompson, & L. S. Stone (1997) Contrast affects flicker and speed perception differently, Vision Research, 37, 1255-1260 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & J. A. Perrone (1997) Human heading estimation during visually-simulated curvilinear motion, Vision Research, 37, 573-590 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1997) Pursuit and Direction Perception are Driven by Similar and Veridical Object-Motion Signals, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Supplement, V38, p. 693 Click to read more
P. . Verghese, & L. S. Stone (1997) Spatial layout affects speed discrimination, Vision Research, 37, 397-406 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, B. R. Beutter, & J. . Lorenceau (1997) Steady-State Pursuit is Driven by Object Motion Rather than the Vector Average of Local Motion, Investigative Ophthalmology and Science Supplement, V38, p. 936 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1997) The Accuracy of Saccadic and Perceptual Decisions in Visual Search, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V37, p. 1152 Click to read more
M. P. Eckstein, B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1997) The visual efficiency of eye movements during search, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, 38: S1152 Click to read more
P. . Thompson, & L. S. Stone (1997) Up-down asymmetries in speed perception, Perception Suppl., 26: 79 Click to read more
P. . Verghese, & L. S. Stone (1996) Perceived visual speed constrained by image segmentation, Nature. 381, 161-163 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1996) Quantifying the Correlation between Eye-Movement and Perceptual Responses to Moving Plaids, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V37, p. 738 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, J. . Lorenceau, & B. R. Beutter (1996) Smooth Pursuit of a Partially Occluded Object, Perception Supplement, V25, p. 5 Click to read more
P. . Thompson, L. S. Stone, & S. . Swash (1996) Speed estimates from grating patches are not contrast normalised, Vision Research, 36: 667-674 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, J. B. Mulligan, & L. S. Stone (1996) The Barberplaid Illusion: Plaid Motion is Biased by Elongated Apertures, Vision Research, V36, N19, p. 3061-3076 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, B. R. Beutter, & J. . Lorenceau (1996) Tracking virtual trajectories, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, 22: 963 Click to read more
B. . Chapman, & L. S. Stone (1996) Turning a blind eye to cortical receptive fields, Neuron, 16(1), 9-12 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, J. . Lorenceau, & L. S. Stone (1996) Visual Coherence Affects Smooth Pursuit, Perception Supplement, V25, p. 5 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, J. B. Mulligan, & L. S. Stone (1995) Analysis of the Trial-by-Trial Correlation between Eye-Movement and Perceptual Responses to Moving Plaids, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V21, p.141 Click to read more
P. . Verghese, & L. S. Stone (1995) Combining speed information across space, Vision Research, 35: 2811-2823 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, & L. S. Stone (1995) Direction of Perceived Motion and Eye Movements Show Similar Biases for Asymmetrically Windowed Moving Plaids, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V36, p. 206 Click to read more
J. A. Perrone, & L. S. Stone (1994) A model of self-motion estimation within primate extrastriate visual cortex, Vision Research, 34: 2917-2938 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, J. B. Mulligan, & L. S. Stone (1994) Direction of Moving Plaids is Biased by Asymmetric Viewing Windows, Society for Neuroscience Abstracts, V20, p. 772 Click to read more
S. G. Lisberger, T. A. Pavelko, H. . Bronte-Stewart, & L. S. Stone (1994) Neural basis for motor learning in the vestibulo-ocular reflex of primates. II. Changes in the responses of horizontal gaze-velocity Purkinje cells in the cerebellar flocculus and ventral paraflocculus, Journal of Neurophysiology, 72: 954-973 Click to read more
B. R. Beutter, L. S. Stone, & J. B. Mulligan (1994) The Barberplaid Illusion, Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science Supplement, V35, p. 2158 Click to read more
M. K. Kaiser, J. A. Perrone, L. S. Stone, M. . Banks, & J. . Crowell (1993) Extracting heading and temporal range from optic flow: Human performance issues, In M. K. Kaiser & B. T. Sweet (Eds.), Proceedings of the Augmented VIsual Display (AVID) Research Workshop. NASA Conference Proceedings #10128 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & P. . Thompson (1992) Human speed perception is contrast dependent, Vision Research, 32: 1535-1549 Click to read more
PDF download  L. S. Stone, A. B. Watson, & J. B. Mulligan (1990) Effect Of Contrast On The Perceived Direction Of A Moving Plaid, Vision Res., 30, 1049-1067. Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & S. G. Lisberger (1990) Visual responses of Purkinje cells in the monkey cerebellar flocculus during smooth-pursuit eye movements. I. Simple spikes, Journal of Neurophysiology, 63: 1241-1261 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & S. G. Lisberger (1990) Visual responses of Purkinje cells in the monkey cerebellar flocculus during smooth-pursuit eye movements. II. Complex spikes, Journal of Neurophysiology, 63: 1262-1275 Click to read more
PDF download  L. S. Stone, A. B. Watson, & J. B. Mulligan (1989) Effect Of Contrast On The Perception Of Direction Of A Moving Pattern, NASA Technical Memorandum #102234 Click to read more
PDF download  J. B. Mulligan, & L. S. Stone (1989) Halftoning method for the generation of motion stimuli, Journal of the Optical Society of America A 6: 1217-1227 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & S. G. Lisberger (1989) Synergistic action of complex and simple spikes in the monkey flocculus in the control of smooth-pursuit eye movement, Experimental Brain Research Supplement 17: 299-312 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, J. B. Mulligan, & A. B. Watson (1988) Contrast Affects the Perceived Direction of a Moving Plaid, Optics News, v. 14 no. 9, 206 Click to read more
J. B. Mulligan, & L. S. Stone (1988) Efficient use of bit planes in the generation of motion stimuli, NASA Technical Memorandum #101022 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, J. B. Mulligan, & A. B. Watson (1988) Neural Determination of the Direction of Motion: Contrast Affects the Perceived Direction of a Moving Plaid, Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 14, 1251 Click to read more
L. S. Stone, & S. G. Lisberger (1986) Detection of tracking errors by visual climbing fiber inputs to the monkey cerebellar flocculus during pursuit eye movements, Neuroscience Letters 72: 163-168 Click to read more
R. D. DeVoe, W. . Kaiser, J. . Ohm, & L. S. Stone (1982) Horizontal movement detectors of honeybees: directionally-selective visual neurons in the lobula and brain, Journal of Comparative Physiology 147: 155-170 Click to read more
D. S. Forman, I. G. McQuarrie, F. W. Labore, D. K. Wood, L. S. Stone, C. H. Braddock, & D. A. Fuchs (1980) Time course of the conditioning lesion effect on axonal regeneration, Brain Research 182: 180-185 Click to read more
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Last Updated: May 19, 2020